Pes Valgus Explained

With a pes valgus, the heel deviates outwards when standing, while the ankle joint area appears to buckle inwards. The altered foot position can exist without symptoms, but it can also be associated with pain or increased stress on the foot. Often, a pes valgus occurs together with a lowered longitudinal arch of the foot. This is then referred to as a pes plano-valgus.

What is a pes valgus?

The position of the heel is characteristic of a pes valgus. Viewed from behind, the calcaneus does not stand straight under the lower leg, but is in an exaggerated X-position. This changes the alignment of the hindfoot.

It is important to distinguish it from other foot deformities: with a pes planus, the sinking of the longitudinal arch of the foot is in the foreground. With a flatfoot, this arch is significantly or completely flattened. Since the changes often occur together, terms such as pes plano-valgus or pes valgus-planus are common. You can find out more about the differences in our guide on [pes planus and flatfoot].

How does a pes valgus develop?

A pes valgus can have different causes. In childhood, an outward heel position is common in certain developmental phases and does not automatically require treatment. In adults, changes or decreasing stability of muscles, ligaments, and tendons, among other things, can contribute to the change in the position of the hindfoot. Injuries or certain diseases can also play a role.

Not every pes valgus develops in the same way. The decisive factors include how pronounced the deformity is, whether it is flexible or already rigid, and whether symptoms occur. A visible pes valgus alone therefore says little about whether treatment is necessary.

What symptoms can a pes valgus cause?

Many foot deformities remain asymptomatic for a long time. If symptoms occur with pes valgus in adults, these can be perceived, for example, on the inside of the foot or in the area of the hindfoot and midfoot. With more pronounced deformities, the gait can also change.

The actual significance of the foot position cannot be assessed solely on the basis of its external appearance. New, increasing, or persistent pain should therefore be professionally clarified. This is especially true if the foot shape changes significantly or mobility is restricted.

An overview of other common deformities and complaints can be found under [The most common foot problems].

What should you look for in shoes for a pes valgus?

Shoes for a pes valgus should above all fit well and offer the foot sufficient support. It is important that the foot sits securely in the shoe without being constricted. A suitable shoe width and enough space in the forefoot area help to avoid unnecessary pressure points.

A stable heel fit can also be important for a comfortable walking experience. At the same time, the shoe should match the individual foot shape and personal movement pattern. A general recommendation for a specific type of shoe is therefore not useful.

Those who wear individually adapted insoles due to discomfort should also ensure that there is enough space for them in the shoe. Shoes with removable footbeds can be practical here. However, whether insoles or other orthopedic measures are necessary should be individually assessed by a specialist.

Fit is more important than a general shoe rule

A pes valgus does not necessarily have to cause discomfort. The decisive factor is how pronounced the foot position is and how the foot is stressed in everyday life. Well-fitting shoes can comfortably accommodate the foot and offer secure support, but they do not replace a professional assessment in case of discomfort.

Therefore, when choosing shoes, it is worth paying particular attention to sufficient space, a suitable width, and a good fit in the heel area. This way, a shoe can be found that suits the individual foot shape and personal comfort needs.